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Updated on May 1, 2025
Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease. When a person has psoriasis, their immune system attacks healthy skin cells, causing those cells to grow faster than normal. This results in thick, scaly patches of skin that can appear anywhere on the body. Common sites include the face and around the scalp, as well as the hands, feet, knees, and elbows.
About one in three people with psoriasis will also develop another autoimmune disease called psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Symptoms of PsA typically include joint swelling, pain, tenderness, and stiffness, which is frequently worse in the morning. Fingernail changes are also common, as are fatigue and lower back pain.
If you suspect you may have psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis, reach out to a healthcare provider (HCP) to discuss your symptoms. Depending on your situation, your HCP may refer you to one or more specialists for complete diagnosis and treatment. These may include the following.
Dermatologist
If you have skin symptoms, you'll probably need to see a dermatologist, a medical doctor who specializes in the health of skin, hair, and nails. To reach a diagnosis, a dermatologist will conduct a physical exam and do a biopsy (sample of skin) for analysis. This will help rule out other conditions and pinpoint what kind of psoriasis you have, which is necessary for determining a course of treatment.
Rheumatologist
If you have joint symptoms in addition to skin symptoms, it's best to see a rheumatologist as soon as possible. Rheumatologists are doctors specially trained in treating rheumatic illnesses, which are autoimmune conditions and diseases of the muscles and bones.
In addition to performing a physical exam and taking your medical history, a rheumatologist may order blood or imaging tests to make a diagnosis. The earlier you’re diagnosed, the faster you can start treatment and potentially prevent permanent joint damage.
People with PsA often see both a rheumatologist and a dermatologist for treatment.
Other healthcare team members
Treatment for psoriasis and PsA can also include a:
- Nurse or nurse practitioner, for care at or between appointments
- Psychologist or counselor, for emotional support
- Pharmacist, for medication guidance
- Occupational or physical therapist, for help with joint function if you have PsA
- Orthopedic surgeon, for joint surgery, if needed
Primary care providers often play a major role in disease management, as well. They can help coordinate your care, watch for new symptoms or other conditions, and monitor and manage your overall health.
How to find specialists
The best way to find a dermatologist, rheumatologist, or other specialist is to get a referral from a trusted HCP. Many private health insurance companies also keep lists of covered providers, as do Medicare and Medicaid. You can seek information from an advocacy organization, such as the National Psoriasis Foundation, as well. When reaching out to specialists, be sure to ask about their availability and what kind of health coverage they accept.
