To prevent dehydration, make sure you're properly hydrated when you begin the day, says James Bush, MD, from John Randolph Medical Center. Find out what else you can do—in addition to drinking water—by watching this short video.
Metabolic Disorders
Metabolic disorders disrupt the body's ability to make or break down carbohydrates, proteins and fats in food. When the body has too much or too little of these substances, major health problems can develop. Metabolic disorders are usually genetic, and the severity can vary. In some cases, dietary supplements, medications and special diets can help treat the disorder.
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Dr. James A. Bush, MD , Internal Medicine, answered on behalf of John Randolph Medical Center - HCA VirginiaSee All 5 Answers
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Dehydration is quite preventable, even in the heat and humidity found in South Florida and other locations affected by tropical weather. The problem with type of unique climate is that humidity affects how easily sweat evaporates from skin.
Sweat must be evaporated to cool off the body. When humidity is 60 percent or greater, it is difficult for sweat to evaporate into the air. And that's important because sweat is our body’s way of keeping cool. However, when we perspire we lose body fluids and that can lead to dehydration. -
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Penn Medicine answeredThere are three major types of systemic amyloidosis:- Primary amyloidosis (AL), the most common form, begins in your bone marrow, builds up in the bloodstream and can deposit in body tissues. It is not associated with other diseases - except for multiple myeloma, a form of bone marrow cancer.
- Hereditary (Familial) amyloidosis, an inherited genetic form passed down in families, often affects nerves and kidneys.
- Secondary amyloidosis (AA) occurs with a chronic infectious or inflammatory disease, such as tuberculosis or a bone infection.
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Sweat electrolyte losses, particularly sodium and chloride, vary by individual. Muscle cramping due to exertional heat stress can be attributed to an electrolyte deficit caused by sweating, as the sodium and chloride lost through sweat are not matched sufficiently by dietary salt intake. Replacing sodium is crucial to enhancing body-water retention and distribution. Some athletes are referred to as “salty sweaters” because they have a relatively high concentration of sodium in their sweat and a high sweat rate. This combination puts these particular athletes at an elevated risk for developing muscle cramps. Knowing how much fluid and electrolytes your body loses through sweating helps you to properly rehydrate after training or competition. -
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Your body only needs to be dehydrated slightly to have a negative impact on performance, especially in the heat. Side effects of significant dehydration during sport include decreased performance, strained cardiovascular system, premature fatigue and increased risk for heat illness. This highlights why being properly hydrated before beginning a training session or competition is crucial for your body to perform safely and at its best. A simple way you can determine if you are drinking enough is by looking at the color and volume of your urine. Urine that is darker in color and low in volume can be a sign of significant dehydration. The goal is to have regular urinations that are light yellow in color. If you are making frequent stops at the bathroom with perfectly clear urine, it is probably a sign that you are drinking too much water.
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Piedmont Heart Institute answeredSee All 2 AnswersMucolipidoses (ML) are a group of inherited metabolic diseases that affect the body's ability to carry out the normal turnover of various materials within the cells. In ML, abnormal amounts of carbohydrates or fatty materials (lipids) accumulate in the cells. Since our cells are not able to handle such large amounts of these substances, damage occurs to the cells, causing symptoms that range from mild learning disabilities to severe mental retardation and skeletal deformities. Symptoms of ML can be congenital (present at birth), or begin in early childhood, or adolescence. Early symptoms can include vision problems and developmental delays. Over time, many children with ML develop poor mental capacities, have difficulty reaching normal developmental milestones, and, in many cases, eventually die of the disease.
This answer is based on source information from National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. -
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Dr. Jack Merendino, MD , Endocrinology Diabetes & Metabolism, answeredFamilial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) is a hereditary condition of parathyroid gland sensing. The parathyroid glands in this condition do not properly sense blood calcium levels and secrete excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) even when the blood calcium level is normal. This results in a rise in the blood calcium. This is a true form of hyperparathyroidism, but it tends to be relatively benign, with only mild elevation of the blood calcium and relatively few long-term complications. The hallmark of the condition is an unusually low urine calcium excretion, typically less than 50 mg of calcium in the urine in 24 hours. The condition is not always hereditary -- there are non-familial cases as well. Measurement of urine calcium excretion is an important part of the evaluation of someone with a high blood calcium level, both to exclude FHH as a diagnosis and to determine if the person is at high risk of kidney stones, which might prompt one to recommend surgery. -
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Penn Medicine answeredSymptoms of amyloidosis are frequently vague and appear similar to those of other common diseases spanning the areas of cardiology, nephrology, neurology, and more.
Often, it is the presence of many persistent, unrelated symptoms that alert a physician to the possibility of amyloidosis. Left untreated, the disease can be potentially life threatening so receiving a diagnosis early and accurately is very important.
General symptoms may include:- Fatigue
- Foamy urine
- Joint pain
- Low red blood cell count (anemia)
- Shortness of breath
- Swelling in the ankles, legs, and tongue
- Tingling and numbness in hands and feet
- Weight loss
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dotFIT answeredYes, you don’t need to drink in excess, you simply need to make sure you start your activity completely hydrated and replace what you use as you go through your activity and/or daily routine. For healthy sedentary adults living in temperate climates: Men: 125 oz (~3qts) of water per day from all dietary sources; Women: 91 oz (~2qts) of water per day from all dietary sources. ~20% of your fluid requirements will come from foods you eat. Below are for athletes and exercisers:
General Fluid Requirements- Fluids should be cold, palatable and selected based on the type and duration of the activity.
- Sports drinks should contain four to eight percent carbohydrate. Drinks greater than 10 percent carbohydrate may slow stomach emptying, cause abdominal cramping and impair performance.
- Drinks with a combination of glucose, glucose polymers and fructose may enhance water absorption.
- Drink approximately 16 to 24 ounces of fluid two hours before activity.
- On warm or humid days, drink an additional eight to 16 ounces 30 to 60 minutes before activity.
- Water is adequate for activities less than an hour as long as meals are consumed regularly.
- For endurance events, training sessions longer than 60 minutes, or multiple practices a day, choose a sport drink containing four to eight percent carbohydrate (e.g. Gatorade).
- Depending on your sport, consume three to six fluid ounces of water or sports drink every 15 minutes. This equates to approximately 32 ounces per hour.
- For prolonged exercise greater than 60 minutes, choose a sports drink with small amounts of electrolytes.
- Immediately following activity, drink at least 16 to 20 ounces of fluid for every pound of weight lost to ensure proper rehydration. Supervise your youth athletes to ensure they drink the entire amount of fluid you provide.
- A liquid shake with high carbohydrate content, minimal protein and fat can refuel energy stores and maximize recovery after demanding training bouts. Consume this as soon as possible after workouts or events. The dotFIT FirstString™ Powder meets the NCAA guidelines and is ideal for youth and college athletes.
- Drink an additional 16 ounces with your post workout meal. This meal should be consumed within two hours after activity.
- Weigh yourself each morning. A fairly stable weight generally indicates proper fluid balance.
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Dr. Vonda Wright, MD , Orthopedic Surgery, answeredSee All 3 AnswersThe early signs of dehydration are subtle and may be easy to miss. They include dark yellow urine, dry mouth, headaches, weakness, irritability, and cramping. When dehydration progresses, you may not urinate or tear or may experience fainting, rapid heart rate, low blood pressure, and changes in clarity of thought.