What is interstitial lung disease?

Lyall A. Gorenstein, MD on behalf of Columbia University Department of Surgery

Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular)

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a general term that includes many chronic lung disorders in which the lung is damaged, the walls of the air sacs become inflamed and then scarring or pulmonary fibrosis begins in the tissue between the air sacs .This causes the lungs to become stiff and smaller in volume.

Columbia University Department of Surgery

Interstitial lung disease and pulmonary fibrosis are general terms used to describe inflammatory and fibrotic disorders of lung tissue (interstitium). There are more than 100 known causes of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary fibrosis, which include familial and genetic disorders, inhaled substances, infections, medications, and connective tissue diseases.

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Important: This content reflects information from various individuals and organizations and may offer alternative or opposing points of view. It should not be used for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. As always, you should consult with your healthcare provider about your specific health needs.

Lung Disease and Respiratory System

Diseases, pollutants and genetics can affect your respiratory health. The simple cold - which is caused by more than 200 different viruses - inflames the upper respiratory tract, resulting in a cough, runny nose and sneezing. A more severe cough combined with mucus is a sign of bronchitis, where the membranes lining the bronchial tubes become inflamed. The inflammatory lung disease asthma affects more than 20 million people, making airways constrict when exposed to irritants like dust, pet dander and cigarette smoke. Pneumonia, another inflammation of the lungs, can occur because of a bacterial or viral infection. People suffering from cystic fibrosis, an inherited lung disease, frequently battle bacterial infections and airways clogged with thick and sticky mucus.

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