What are the developmental milestones of kids from 4 to 5 years old?

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  If you’re the parent of a 4-year-old, chances are that you know how exhilarating and exasperating it can be. Not only are children at this age full of energy and the desire to test their physical limits, they also are full of endless curiosity about the world around them. The parent of a 4-year-old probably hears the question “Why?” over and over throughout the day.

  Communication and language skills include:

  • Can count 10 or more objects
  • Correctly names at least four colors
  • Communicates easily with other children and adults
  • Uses new and unfamiliar words
  • Understands complete sentences and forms sentences with more than one clause
  • Uses correct grammatical structure
  • Uses past, present, and future verbs, such as “talked,” “talk,” and “will talk”
  • Uses negatives, for example, “I don’t want to go to bed”
  • Tells longer stories and accurately relays information
  • Talks about imaginary people and occurrences
  • Plays with silly word combinations, recites nursery rhymes, or sings songs
  • Knows name and address
  • Starts to show interest in learning letters, shapes, and numbers
  • Asks questions with “why” and “how”
  • Asks for word definitions
  • Says most speech sounds clearly and accurately except a few, such as l, s, r, v, z, j, ch, sh, th

  Cognitive and intellectual skills include:

  • Begins understanding the difference between reality and fantasy and can distinguish between something alive and an inanimate object
  • Understands how to sort and classify objects by characteristics and can begin matching pictures in simple lotto games
  • Replicates patterns, sequences, and order
  • Understands the concept of nearest and farthest, more and less
  • Understands simple addition and subtraction
  • Understands the concept of time
  • Understands “parts,” “whole,” and “half”
  • Is increasingly able to focus attention and ignore distractions and interruptions
  • Asks to participate in new experiences that he/she has seen or heard of
  • Is able to draw on varied resources when solving problems
  • Builds large, complex structures from blocks
  • Understands different forms of measurement such as weight, height, length

  From Good Kids, Bad Habits: The RealAge Guide to Raising Healthy Children by Jennifer Trachtenberg.

  

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