How is non-small cell cancer diagnosed?

Penn Medicine

Tests that examine the lungs are used to detect (find), diagnose and stage non-small cell lung cancer. Tests and procedures to detect, diagnose and stage non-small cell lung cancer are often done at the same time. The following tests and procedures may be used:

A physical exam and history of your health habits, including smoking, and past jobs, illnesses and treatments will also be taken.
Chest x-ray
CT scan (CAT scan)
PET scan (positron emission tomography scan)
Sputum cytology
Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy
Bronchoscopyis
Thoracoscopy
Thoracentesis

Honor Society of Nursing (STTI)

Non-small cell cancer is diagnosed after a number of increasingly invasive tests. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or CT scans, are generally done first, and they allow the doctor to see lesions within your lungs. Your doctor may also look at the mucus (sputum) you cough up to see if any cancer cells are present. If imaging and sputum tests are not conclusive, your doctor may do a tissue biopsy, a procedure in which a needle is inserted into the possibly cancerous area to determine whether it is cancerous.

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Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The most common type of lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) affects tens of thousands of people each year. With three primary types of NSCLC, this disease accounts for about 80% of all lung cancer, the deadliest type of cancer in the U.S. among both men and women. Adenocarcinoma, the most common form of NSCLC, typically develops in the outer portion of our lungs. Our lungs remove carbon dioxide from our body and supplies oxygen to it. Although smoking is the primary cause of lung cancer, other risk factors include exposure to radon gas and asbestos. Previous radiation therapy and a family or personal history of lung cancer also increases your risk. Lung cancer may not show symptoms in the beginning; however, visit your doctor if you have a persistent cough, shortness of breath, see blood after you cough or have chest pain.

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