While the cause and the reason why generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) -- uncontrollable and extreme worry about hypothetical situations on a daily basis -- affects women more than men is still to be determined, some researchers suspect that it may be a result of both biological and environmental factors. Some items that may be factors are the role hormones play, the effects of sexual, physical, and mental abuse, societal pressures of having children and being the primary family caregiver, and the simple fact that women are more apt to visit the doctor and report symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Frequent, overwhelming worry about everyday problemswhen worry floats from one thing to the next, for no real reasonthat's generalized anxiety disorder. It's a common problem, a pattern probably learned in childhood. You don't have to live that way. With counseling and medications, you can find peace of mindand quit worrying so much.
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See All 2 AnswersGAD may cause physical symptoms such as shortness of breath, rapid heart rate, dry mouth, cold hands and dizziness. At the first sign of any of these symptoms, a general medical evaluation should be done to rule out other illnesses that can cause similar symptoms (e.g. cardiac problems). Other physical illnesses and symptoms that commonly occur along with GAD include chest pain, hyperventilation, headaches, chronic fatigue syndrome, and irritable bowel syndrome. Chronic cardiovascular diseases -- including hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease -- are also common comorbidities of GAD. Again, because many of these symptoms are general and can occur with other medical disorders (e.g., hyperthyroidism, an overactive thyroid), a complete physical exam should be done to rule out other illnesses. -
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Intermountain Healthcare answeredSee All 2 AnswersPeople with anxiety disorders often have other mental health problems as well. A person with an anxiety disorder may also have:- Depression
- Another anxiety disorder
- Substance abuse
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The recovery process may take a toll on those caring for someone with GAD. Family and friends should build their own support system of friends, and if need be, talk to a therapist or advisor. The road to recovery is hard work, for both the person with GAD and those around them.
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Research shows that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often coexists with substance abuse. In fact, around one-third of those with GAD suffer from alcohol abuse or dependence. Often times people may abuse alcohol as a means to sedate or self-medicate their anxiety. Those with anxiety disorders who use drugs or alcohol to "self-medicate" may be at increased risk for mood and substance abuse disorders and suicidal behavior. It is imperative that those with GAD who are attempting to self-medicate with drugs or alcohol seek appropriate treatment immediately.
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See All 2 AnswersIf you have been given a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder, it is likely you have seen a medical professional who identified symptoms that are affecting your life. In this scenario it would be wise to talk to a counselor and perhaps discuss medications that may improve your symptoms.
Once the symptoms are controlled, you can work on strategies to deal with the anxiety and potentially get off medications and/or decrease the need for counseling help. -
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First, recognize that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a real and serious illness and not a character flaw or a sign of weakness. Scientific evidence shows that some people are genetically predisposed to anxiety disorders.
For those who have yet to be diagnosed–or are perhaps fearful of seeking professional help–supportive family members and friends can help them take the first step towards recovery. If you think that a family member or friend may have the disorder, there are many places you can refer him or her for diagnosis and treatment, including:- Family doctors
- Mental health specialists, such as psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, or mental health counselors
- Religious leaders/counselors
- Community mental health centers
- Hospital psychiatry departments and outpatient clinics
- University- or medical school-affiliated programs
- Social service agencies
- Private clinics and facilities
- Employee assistance programs
- Psychiatric professional associations
- Consumer-based mental health organizations
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Social phobia, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder are anxiety disorders that can occur in conjunction with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).
People with social phobia have a persistent, intense and chronic fear that someone is watching and judging them and they will be embarrassed or humiliated by something they say or do. Panic disorder is characterized by repeated panic attacks, or episodes of intense fear that strike often and without warning. Panic attacks cause weakness, dizziness and a pounding heart, leaving one feeling like they are having a heart attack or dying.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) leaves one obsessed and unable to control anxious thoughts (e.g. filled with doubt) or rituals (e.g. hand-washing). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs after exposure to a terrifying event in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened.
Left untreated, these comorbid anxiety disorders can significantly disrupt daily life and family routines. -
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Parents, and other adults in children’s lives, including teachers or childcare providers, play a vital, supportive role in helping children or adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) to get better. The most important thing to remember when helping a child or adolescent with GAD is that they cannot control their worry and fears. Unlike adults, children don’t know that this worry is excessive and is controlling their lives. The support provided by parents, friends and family, and teachers and childcare providers is instrumental in their recovery from GAD. With early and effective treatment, children and adolescents can recover and go on to live healthy lives.