Two different scores are used to report the results of bone density tests. First, a T-score compares your particular bone density with the average bone density for a "reference population." In theory, this group consists of "normal young adult women" (as determined by certain criteria set up by researchers). Second, a Z-score compares your particular bone density with that for all women your age.
Having bone density that's lower than average is not a disease. It only means you're more likely to have fractures. Having a low bone density measurement is a reason to continue with diagnostic testing for osteoporosis or other bone diseases. It does not, in itself, establish a particular diagnosis or suggest which treatment (if any) you should get.
- Your overall bone mineral density score reflects the amount of calcium in your bones.
- The T-score is created by comparing your bone density measurement to that of a healthy young adult at the peak of bone mass, which is achieved in the late 20s or early 30s.
- The Z-score compares your bone mineral density to the average value for someone who is the same age and gender as you.
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Important: This content reflects information from various individuals and organizations and may offer alternative or opposing points of view. It should not be used for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. As always, you should consult with your healthcare provider about your specific health needs.