Updated on April 1, 2024.
Breast cancer treatments such as chemotherapy (drugs that kill or slow the growth of cancer) and radiation (high-dose xrays) can be hard on the body. Side effects include things like hair loss, nausea, and anemia (low red blood cells that can cause tiredness and bruising). But not all side effects stop once treatment is over. Many breast cancer survivors continue to have serious -- and sometimes disabling -- fatigue years after stopping treatment. For continuing symptoms after treatment, yoga may provide some relief.
Yoga tied to less fatigue
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology looked at 200 women between the ages of 27 and 76 who had never done yoga and who finished breast cancer treatment within the last three years. Half the women received 90-minute hatha yoga (which involved doing physical poses and breathing exercises) classes twice a week for 12 weeks. The rest were put on a waiting list to take the class. After just three months of practicing yoga, the participants said they noticed a change in their energy levels and sleep habits. After six months, the women who continued to practice yoga reported having nearly 60% less fatigue than those on the waiting list. They also said they got better sleep.
The women in the yoga group also had between 13% and 20% less inflammation than the other women. That may be important because inflammation can affect the immune system and contribute to chronic diseases like heart disease, arthritis and diabetes.
Why yoga may help
It's unclear exactly why yoga may help fight fatigue. One idea is that yoga is a great way to regain strength and fitness lost during cancer treatment. Yoga can also improve sleep in several ways. The practice may help increase GABA, a brain chemical that can help you feel happy and relaxed. Yoga’s meditative qualities have also been found to lower levels of stress hormone cortisol. Additionally, yogic breathing, called pranayama, has linked to reduced stress and less anxiety.
The ancient practice has been found to improve flexibility, lower blood pressure and cholesterol, boost your mood, strengthen your core muscles that support your abdomen and lower back, and improve digestion. Ask your healthcare provider how to find community yoga programs for cancer survivors, or try practicing yoga at home using videos on your TV or cell phone apps.
