A drug allergy is a group of symptoms that occur when your body is exposed to a drug to which it has developed a sensitivity. That sensitivity causes your body's immune system to overreact to the drug. A drug allergy may not happen the first time you take a medication, but if you take the drug again, your body's immune system may cause the release of antibodies or certain immune chemicals that can cause symptoms.
Common symptoms of allergies to drugs may include:
- hives
- skin and/or eye itching
- skin rash
- swelling of the lips, tongue or face
- wheezing
Less commonly, a life-threatening reaction called anaphylaxis can occur. Symptoms of anaphylaxis may include:
- abdominal pain or cramping
- nausea, vomiting and/or diarrhea
- confusion
- dizziness, fainting, lightheadedness
- difficulty breathing
- rapid pulse
- heart palpitations
Certain types of medicines are more likely to cause allergic reactions than others. According to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, those drugs include:
- antibiotics
- chemotherapy medicines
- aspirin and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen
- anticonvulsants
- monoclonal antibodies
Be sure to discuss with your doctor any adverse effect to a drug that you experience. You may need to avoid exposure to the drug in the future, and possibly even wear a bracelet that could tell an emergency physican you are allergic to the drug.
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Important: This content reflects information from various individuals and organizations and may offer alternative or opposing points of view. It should not be used for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. As always, you should consult with your healthcare provider about your specific health needs.