Jeanne Morrison, PhD

Joint injuries, especially those that involve ligaments, can lead to osteoarthritis. Even when the injury has healed well on its own or has been surgically repaired, osteoarthritis may develop years later. A study of people with knee osteoarthritis showed that nearly one in four had injured a ligament

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The exact cause of spina bifida remains a mystery. No one knows what disrupts the complete closure of the neural tube, causing a malformation to develop. Scientists suspect genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors play a role. Research studies indicate that insufficient intake of folic...  Full Post

There are three types of standard treatment for Merkel cell carcinoma:

Surgery
One or more of the following surgical procedures may be used to treat Merkel cell carcinoma:

• Wide local excision: The cancer is cut from the skin along with some of the tissue around it. A sentinel lymph node

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Hepatitis C is a liver disease. Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver. Inflammation is the painful, red swelling that results when tissues of the body become injured or infected. Inflammation can cause organs to not work properly.

This answer is based on source information from the...  Full Post

Frequently, gallstones are discovered during tests for other health conditions. When gallstones are suspected to be the cause of symptoms, the doctor is likely to do an ultrasound exam -- the most sensitive and specific test for gallstones. A handheld device, which a technician glides over...  Full Post

Foot drop is the inability to raise the front part of the foot due to weakness or paralysis of the muscles that lift the foot. As a result, individuals with foot drop scuff their toes along the ground or bend their knees to lift their foot higher than usual to avoid the scuffing, which causes

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There is no specific test for RLS.  The four basic criteria for diagnosing the disorder are:

• Symptoms that are worse at night and are absent or negligible in the morning;
• A strong and often overwhelming need or urge to move the affected limb(s), often associated with paresthesias or dy

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Studies have found the following risk factors for esophageal cancer:

• Age 65 or older: Age is the main risk factor for esophageal cancer. The chance of getting this disease goes up as you get older. In the United States, most people are 65 years of age or older when they are diagnosed with

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Currently, treatment options include surgical removal of the tumor, medical therapy, and radiation therapy of the pituitary.

The goals of treatment are to:

• Reduce excess hormone production to normal levels.
• Relieve the pressure that the growing pituitary tumor may be exerting on the sur

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Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GN) is a rare pain syndrome that affects the glossopharyngeal nerve (the ninth cranial nerve that lies deep within the neck) and causes sharp, stabbing pulses of pain in the back of the throat and the tongue, the tonsils, and the middle ear. The excruciating pain

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Spasticity is a condition in which there is an abnormal increase in muscle tone or stiffness of muscle, which might interfere with movement, speech, or be associated with discomfort or pain. Spasticity is usually caused by damage to nerve pathways within the brain or spinal cord that control

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Esophageal cancer can be treated with surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these treatments. For example, radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be given before or after surgery.

The treatment that's right for you depends mainly on the following:

• Where the cancer

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When you visit a doctor for overactive bladder, you will be given physical exam and your medical history will be taken. They may be followed by a combination of the following tests:

•  X-rays
• urine analysis
• cystoscopic examinations
• blood test
• urine cancer screening
• special tests to

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When you visit a doctor for overactive bladder, you will be given physical exam and your medical history will be taken. They may be followed by a combination of the following tests:

•  X-rays
• urine analysis
• cystoscopic examinations
• blood test
• urine cancer screening
• special tests to

...  Full Post

Several surgical options are available if you are not responding to other treatments or for certain other reasons. One procedure increases the size of the bladder and reportedly has a 90% success rate. Others use a sling to support the bladder. Remember that surgery may not be a cure for certain causes

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