What is a spondylolysis?

A spondylolysis is a fracture in one of the small joints that connects the spinal vertebrae together. This is thought to be caused by a congenital defect in the joint that predisposes an individual to injury. However, this injury is also seen in individuals with excessive or repetitive lumbar (lower back) extension and rotation, such as gymnasts. Bilateral spondylolysis can lead to a condition in which the vertebral body slips anterior (towards the front of the body) to the rest of the spine in a condition called spondylolisthesis.

A spondylolysis is a fracture in one of the small joints that connects the spinal vertebrae together. This is thought to be a congenital defect in the joint that predisposes an individual to injury. This injury is also seen in individuals with excessive or repetitive lumbar extension and rotation.

Spondylolysis is a defect or fracture in a specific region of a vertebra. These injuries usually occur as a result of repetitive hyperextension of the spine during activity.

(This answer provided for NATA by the King College Athletic Training Education Program.)

Spondylolysis is a defect or fracture on one or both of the wing-shaped parts of a vertebra, usually in the lower lumbar region.

• Spondylolysis is usually detected sometime during childhood. It may occur for one or more reasons.
• Some people are born missing part of or with damage to this piece of vertebra.
• The wing-shaped parts of the vertebra may become damaged from strenuous physical activity, especially during the teen years. Certain types of athletes—particularly weight lifters, football players, gymnasts, and javelin throwers—are at increased risk for developing to this condition. It usually starts as a stress fracture and it never completely heals.
• Normal changes associated with aging can weaken this part of the vertebra, leading to fractures or deformities.

Most people can manage spondylolysis by resting from strenuous activity, stretching and strengthening exercises, and taking pain relief medicine, such as ibuprofen. Surgery is rarely needed, although it may be considered for people who do not respond to other treatment.