What should I expect during an echocardiogram?

During an echocardiogram, a gel is put on your chest to help the sound waves travel. A technician then presses a small, handheld device called a transducer against your skin. The transducer sends sound waves toward your heart, which are reflected back to the device. The waves are converted into electrical impulses. These impulses become an image. The technician can capture a still image or videotape moving images. To get clearer and more complete images, the technician may move the transducer to different areas of your chest. You may be asked to change positions and slowly inhale, exhale, or hold your breath. This test takes about 30 to 60 minutes. A specialist analyzes the images afterward.

A standard echocardiogram usually takes 30 to 45 minutes. Here's what happens:

• Registering: You'll fill out some paperwork, including an informed consent form. Your doctor or the technician will explain the test -- be sure to ask any questions you have.
• Preparing: You'll enter a room with a special exam table and ultrasound equipment. You will remove clothing above the waist, and put on a gown. Twelve electrodes will be attached to your chest to monitor your heart rate and rhythm. A cuff may be placed on your arm and a clip may be attached to your finger, to monitor your blood pressure and the oxygen in your blood.
• Positioning: You will lie on your left side on the table. The table might have a small section that drops down under your left side, to give the technician better access.
• Getting views of your heart: A small amount of gel will be placed on your chest to help pick up the high-frequency sound waves. Then a technician will move a device called a transducer across your chest. As the transducer sends out sound waves, the technician will capture and save images of your heart structures. The technician may ask you to breathe deeply, cough, or briefly hold your breath.