Kidney Disease and Urology
Your kidneys are amazing organs. One of the kidney’s major functions is to filter and remove waste products and excess fluids from your body. Each and every day, your kidneys filter over 200 quarts of fluid to produce about 2 quarts of urine that is stored in the bladder, and ultimately removed through a process called urination. Your kidneys also play an important role in removing drugs, regulating blood pressure, controlling the production of red bloods cells and helping promote strong, healthy bones by producing an active form of vitamin D.
Recently Answered
- Q What are varicoceles?
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Common in young men, a varicocele is a dilation of veins which drain a testicle. These veins may cause enlargement of the scrotum and feel like a bag of worms under the skin and overlying a testicle. A varicocele is more common on the left side. In... Full Answer
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- Q What is a cystocele?
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A cystocele is a loss of the vaginal support of the bladder. The bladder is held up by the ceiling of the vagina. When this area collapses or "prolapses" a bulge in the vaginal wall may develop. Patients may have no symptoms, or may feel a bulge or... Full Answer
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- Q What causes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI)?
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General: The body naturally produces an antidiuretic or urine-limiting hormone called arginine vasopressin (AVP). AVP signals the kidneys to return water to the blood and helps to control the concentration of the urine. In people with nephrogenic... Full Answer
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- Q What are the symptoms of a cystocele?
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Dr. Kevin Windom, Obstetrics & GynecologyThe most common symptoms of a cystocele are pelvic pressure, pelvic pain, vaginal fullness, bladder fullness, and inadequate bladder emptying. Many women with cystoceles have urinary incontinence as well as recurrent bladder infections due to high... Full Answer
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- Q What is the treatment for a cystocele?
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Dr. Kevin Windom, Obstetrics & GynecologyA cystocele is a hernia in which the bladder bulges into the vagina. Most cystoceles are mild and do not cause any problems. Usually pelvic floor exercises as well as estrogen therapy should help with a mild cystocele. If the patient is asymptomatic, in... Full Answer
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- Q What causes a cystocele?
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Dr. Kevin Windom, Obstetrics & GynecologyA cystocele is caused by a weakness in the connective tissue between the bladder and the vagina. A hernia develops and the bladder protrudes into the vagina. The most common cause of a cystocele is obstetric trauma in which through a vaginal delivery the... Full Answer
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- Q What is diabetes insipidus?
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Diabetes insipidus, not to be confused with the more common diabetes mellitus, is a relatively rare disorder resulting from a failure to produce sufficient amounts of vasopressin, otherwise known as antidiuretic hormone or ADH. Vasopressin, secreted by... Full Answer
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- Q What is a urostomy?
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A urostomy is an opening in the abdomen created by a surgical procedure (a radical cystectomy) that allows urine to flow to the outside of the body where it can be collected into a bag. It is done when the bladder is either not functioning or has to be... Full Answer
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- Q How is a varicocele diagnosed?
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Dr. John Lipman, RadiologyVaricoceles can present with testicular/scrotal pain or discovered incidentally during an infertility work-up (i.e. varicoceles can lead to diminished/absent sperm counts). Varicoceles can be felt on physical exam or be detected on a scrotal... Full Answer
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- Q How are varicoceles treated?
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The most common form of treatment for varicoceles is varicocelectomy, which is the removal of the veins that are widened. In this technique, a surgeon will make a cut in the groin (transinguinal), abdomen (retroperitoneal), or area below the... Full Answer
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